{"id":16094,"date":"2022-10-10T01:21:53","date_gmt":"2022-10-09T23:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/es22-dev.gib-dev.com\/?page_id=16094"},"modified":"2023-04-24T10:10:48","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T08:10:48","slug":"list-of-abbreviations","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/list-of-abbreviations\/","title":{"rendered":"List of Abbreviations"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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List of Abbreviations<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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This directory lists and explains abbreviations that appear in Embedded Academy e-learning courses.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\r\n
\r\n\r\n All<\/a>\r\n Automotive Bus Systems<\/a>\r\n Automotive Cybersecurity<\/a>\r\n AUTOSAR\u2122<\/a>\r\n Battery and Battery System<\/a>\r\n Cryptography<\/a>\r\n Electrified Powertrain<\/a>\r\n Embedded Software Basics<\/a>\r\n EV Charging<\/a>\r\n Information Security<\/a>\r\n Operating System OS: Overview<\/a>\r\n Real-Time Operating System RTOS: Overview<\/a>\r\n Serial Bus Systems<\/a>\r\n V3.1 ASPICE \u2013 1 \u2013 Overview<\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n
    \r\n
  • \r\n

    \r\n AC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Alternating Current<\/p>\r\n

    An electric current which periodically changes its direction and magnitude.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n AES <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Advanced Encryption Standard<\/p>\r\n

    A symmetric encryption method, which is the successor of the DES.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ANSI <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    American National Standards Institute<\/p>\r\n

    ANSI is an American organisation which coordinates the development of voluntary consensus standards in the USA. ANSI is a private non-profit organisation.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n API <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Application Programming Interface<\/p>\r\n

    The API is a software interface connecting computers or computer programs.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ARXML <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    AUTOSAR Extensible Markup Language<\/p>\r\n

    An AUTOSAR xml file is an xml file standardized by AUTOSAR.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n AS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Attack Scenarios<\/p>\r\n

    A scenario that describes the steps and ways in which the attacker could exploit a vulnerability.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ASPICE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Automotive Software Process Improvement and Capability Determination<\/p>\r\n

    Standard in the automotive industry, which is based on the current version of the ISO\/IEC 330xx series.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n AUTOSAR <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture<\/p>\r\n

    Standard which establishes an open and standardized software architecture for automotive electronic control units.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n AUTOSAR OS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    AUTOSAR\u2122 Operating System<\/p>\r\n

    Operating System defined by AUTOSAR.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n Autosar SecOC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Autosar Secure Onboard Communication<\/p>\r\n

    SecOC is an AUTOSAR module that provides PDU (message) integrity and authentication.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n BEV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Battery Electric Vehicle<\/p>\r\n

    BEV is a type of EV which uses the chemical energy stored in (rechargable) battery packs as its sole source of propulsion. Hence, instead of internal combustion engines, electric motors and motor controllers are used.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n BS 15000 <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    British Standard 15000<\/p>\r\n

    Standard developed by the BSI in the UK listing the requirements for professional IT service management.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CAN <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Controller Area Network<\/p>\r\n

    High speed bus system.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CAN FD <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Controller Area Network Flexible Data Rate<\/p>\r\n

    CAN FD increases the effective data-rate by allowing longer data fields.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Constant Current Charging<\/p>\r\n

    A form of charging where the charger supplies a relatively constant current.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CISO <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Chief Information Security Officer<\/p>\r\n

    Responsible for planning , auditing and improving information security in an organization.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CNG <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Compressed Natural Gas<\/p>\r\n

    CNG is a type of fuel gas. It is made out of natural gas (mainly composed of methane) and heavily compressed to less than 1% of its standard atmospheric pressure volume. Consequently, storage and distribution happen in hard containers.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CP <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Control Pilot<\/p>\r\n

    Name of the connector system\/line which is used for the transmission of communication information.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CPU <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Central Processing Unit<\/p>\r\n

    The CPU is a very important part of every computer. It does calculations and executes instructions.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CRC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Cyclic Redundancy Check<\/p>\r\n

    Complex procedure using polynomial division to check data in order to detect errors in the transmission or storage of data.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CRC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Cyclic Redundancy Check<\/p>\r\n

    Complex procedure using polynomial division to check data to detect errors in the transmission or storage of data.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CTE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Coefficient of Thermal Expansion<\/p>\r\n

    The CTE indicates how much a material can expand upon heating.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n CV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Constant Voltage Charging<\/p>\r\n

    In constant voltage charging, the full current of the charger can flow into the battery. This is stopped when the power supply reaches the pre-set voltage.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Direct Current<\/p>\r\n

    Electric current which flows in only one direction.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DCB <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Direct Copper Bonded<\/p>\r\n

    A type of substrate which is often used in power modules due its good thermal conductivity. It is made out of a ceramic tile (commonly alumina) and copper sheets.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DDos <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Denial-of-Service Attack<\/p>\r\n

    In a denial-of-service attack, the system is deliberately bombarded with so many requests that it can no longer cope with the tasks.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DES <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Data Encryption Standard<\/p>\r\n

    A symmetric encryption method.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DOD <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Depth of Discharge<\/p>\r\n

    The depth of discharge indicates the percentage (or fraction) of the capacity which has been removed from a fully-charged battery.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Damage Scenario<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n DTC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Direct Torque Control<\/p>\r\n

    Method used in variable-frequency drives to control the torque (and thus finally the speed) of three-phase AC electric motors.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ECU <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electronic Control Unit<\/p>\r\n

    Electronic module, which is responsible for the control and adjustment of the operation of a car or machine.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electrical Machine<\/p>\r\n

    A device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa.\n\nHence, we differ between motor mode and generator mode depending on the direction of conversion.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EMC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electromagnetic Compatibility<\/p>\r\n

    EMC is the ability of electrical equipment and systems to function properly in their electromagnetic environment without impairing each other\u2019s functions.\n\nOtherwise we would speak of electromagnetic interference (EMI).<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EMF <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electromotive Force<\/p>\r\n

    When a non-electrical source is converting other forms of energy into electrical energy, EMF is produced. \n\nEventhough the word \"force\" is used, EMF doesn't actually describe a physical force, but the voltage produced by a non-electrical system. For example a generator is producing EMF by convertig mechnical energy.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EU-BDPR <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Basic Data Protection Regulation of the European Union<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electric Vehicle<\/p>\r\n

    Generic term used for vehicles which run on electric power.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n EVSE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment<\/p>\r\n

    Another term used to refer to charging stations for plug-in electric vehicles.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n f_s,1 <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fundamental Stator Frequency<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FCC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Federal Communications Commissions<\/p>\r\n

    An independent government agency in the USA. It regulates radio, satellite and cable communications. It enforces American communications laws.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FCEV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle<\/p>\r\n

    An FCEV is an EV which uses a fuel cell as its source of propulsion, sometimes with an additional small battery. The electricity for these vehicles comes from oxygen (from the air) and compressed hydrogen.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FDC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fast Data Channel<\/p>\r\n

    Data channel of the SENT bus protocol.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FDC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fast Data Channel<\/p>\r\n

    Data channel of the SENT bus protocol.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FI switch <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fault-current circuit breaker<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FIFO <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    First-In-First-Out<\/p>\r\n

    FIFO is a scheduling policy used in multitasking operating systems, where the tasks are executed in the order of arrival.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FOC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Field Oriented Control<\/p>\r\n

    Vector control for the control of electric motors.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n Fuzz Testing <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Fuzz Testing<\/p>\r\n

    Fuzz Testing or Fuzzing is an automated software testing technique that involves providing invalid, unexpected, or random data as inputs to a computer program.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n FW <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Firmware<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n GaN <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Gallium Nitride<\/p>\r\n

    Abbreviation is also used to directly refer to semiconductor devices made from this material.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n GDPR <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    General Data Protection Regulation<\/p>\r\n

    A European Union regulation that harmonizes the rules for processing personal information across the EU.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n GTO Thyristor <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Gate Turn-Off Thyristor<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n HLC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    High Level Communication<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n HRRN <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Highest Response Ratio Next<\/p>\r\n

    HRRN is a scheduling policy used in multitasking operating systems, where the task with the highest response ration is executed next. The response ratio takes the execution time and the waiting time into account.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n HSM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Hardware Security Module<\/p>\r\n

    A Hardware Security Module secures cryptographic procedures and ensures secure, encrypted data exchange.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n HV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    High Voltage<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n HW <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Hardware<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IBM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    International Business Machines Corporation<\/p>\r\n

    IBM is an American multinational technology company with a focus on computer hardware and software as well as consulting.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IC-CPD <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    In-Cable Control and Protection Device<\/p>\r\n

    This device contains a fault-current circuit breaker, communicates with the vehicle and controls the charging process.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ICGT <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Integrated Gate-Commutated Thyristor<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IDPS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems<\/p>\r\n

    IDPS generate events and provide functions that can defend against a detected attack.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IEC 61851 <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    IEC 61851<\/p>\r\n

    European standard on wired charging of electric vehicles.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IEEE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers<\/p>\r\n

    A large international technical professional organisation. It publishes scientific journals, organises conferences and takes care of technological standards.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IGBT <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Induction Machine<\/p>\r\n

    Also called \"Asynchronous Machine\".<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n IOC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Inter OS-Application Communicator<\/p>\r\n

    AUTOSAR\u2122 introduces the Inter OS-Application Communicator that supports the communication between OS-Applications located on the same, or on different cores.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ISMS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Information Security Management System<\/p>\r\n

    The information security management system is an organization's approach to implementing information security.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ISMS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Information Security Management System<\/p>\r\n

    The information security management system is an organization's approach to implementing information security.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ISO <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    International Organization for Standardization<\/p>\r\n

    The ISO develops international standards.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ISO <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    International Organization for Standardization<\/p>\r\n

    An international organisation that develops and publishes norms and standards.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ITIL <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    IT Infrastructure Library<\/p>\r\n

    A collection of processes and tasks that make IT service management more effective.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n L_d <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Inductance in d-Axis<\/p>\r\n

    Here the rotor is aligned with the poles.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n L_q <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Inductance in q-Axis<\/p>\r\n

    Here the rotor is aligned with the gaps.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n LSB <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Last Significant Bit<\/p>\r\n

    The bit with the lowest significance.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n M <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Moment of Torque<\/p>\r\n

    This is often simply refered to as \"moment\" or \"torque\".<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n MCU <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Microcontroller Unit<\/p>\r\n

    Semiconductor chip that contains one or more processors and peripheral functions at the same time.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n MCU <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Microcontroller Unit<\/p>\r\n

    Semiconductor chip that contains one or more processors and peripheral functions at the same time.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n MPU <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Memory Protection Unit<\/p>\r\n

    The memory protection unit provides memory protection. This can include the assignment of memory partitions, which can be accessed only with memory access permission.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n MSB <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Most Significant Bit<\/p>\r\n

    The bit with the highest significance of a binary number. Normally the leftmost one.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NEV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    New Energy Vehicle<\/p>\r\n

    An umbrella term for vehicles with one of the following drive technologies: BEV, PHEV or FCEV. It does not include HEV without a plug-in. This term is mainly used in China.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NIST <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    National Institute of Standards and Technology<\/p>\r\n

    NIST is a US agency of the United States Depeartment of Commerce. It is focused on standardisation processes.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NIST <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    National Institute of Standards and Technology<\/p>\r\n

    A federal agency of the United States.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NRZ Code <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Non Return to Zero Code<\/p>\r\n

    A method to encode binary signals. The voltage per binary digit remains constant and does not return to 0.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NSA <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    National Security Agency<\/p>\r\n

    NSA is the national-level intelligence agency of the USA.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n nsyn <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    (Rotational) Speed of the Stator Field<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n NVH <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Noise, Vibration, and Harshness<\/p>\r\n

    As the name implies, it describes the study and modification of the noise and vibration of vehicles, as well as the subjectively measured harshness.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OBC-Device <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    On-Board Charging Device<\/p>\r\n

    A charging device with rectifier built into the EV. It is necessary for changing AC to DC.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OBD <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    On-Board Diagnostics<\/p>\r\n

    is a vehicle diagnostic system. During driving operation, all systems that influence exhaust emissions are monitored, as well as other important control units.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OCV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Open-Circuit Voltage<\/p>\r\n

    The OCV is given as the difference of electrical potential between two terminals of a device when this device is disconnected from a circuit.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OEM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Original Equipment Manufacturer<\/p>\r\n

    A manufacturer who doesn't market their own products.\n\nHowever, in the automotive industry, we also refer to car manufacturers in general as OEMs.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OFDM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing<\/p>\r\n

    Modulation method in high-level communication for electrical charging.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Operating System<\/p>\r\n

    The operating system builds an interface between the hardware and the application software of a computer.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OSEK <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Offene Systeme und deren Schnittstellen f\u00fcr die Elektronik in Kraftfahrzeugen<\/p>\r\n

    Open Systems and their Interfaces for the Electronics in Motor Vehicles<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OSEK OS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    OSEK Operating System<\/p>\r\n

    Operating System defined by the OSEK consortium<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OSI Model <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Open Systems Interconnection Model<\/p>\r\n

    Conceptual model for network protocols as layers<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OSI Model <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Open Systems Interconnection Model<\/p>\r\n

    Conceptual reference model for network protocols.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n OTA <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Over-the-Air<\/p>\r\n

    Vehicle updates via the Internet.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PCB <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Printed Circuit Board<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Power Electronics<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PEN-Testing <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Penetration Test<\/p>\r\n

    A Penetration Test is an authorized simulated cyberattack that is performed to evaluate the security of the system.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PFC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Power Factor Correction<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PHEV <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle<\/p>\r\n

    A PHEV has an on-board internal combustion engine-powered generator, but can also run on electric power with a battery, which is recharged via the plug.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PLC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Powerline Communication<\/p>\r\n

    Information is transmitted via a power cable.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Permanent Magnet<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PPort <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Provided Port<\/p>\r\n

    A PPort provides the elements defined in a port interface.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PSM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine<\/p>\r\n

    Sometimes also refered to as PMSM.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n PWM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Pulse Width Modulation<\/p>\r\n

    Modulation type in which a technical quantity alternates between two values.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n R_TH <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Thermal Resistance<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n RPort <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Required Port<\/p>\r\n

    A RPort requires the elements defined in a port interface.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n RPPort <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Required Provided Port<\/p>\r\n

    provides and requires the elements defined in a port interface.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n RTE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Runtime Environment<\/p>\r\n

    The Runtime Environment is the realization of the Virtual Fuctional Bus.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n RZ Code <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Return to Zero Code<\/p>\r\n

    A method to encode binary signals. The voltage returns to 0 in every clock pulse.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SAE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Society of Automotive Engineers<\/p>\r\n

    Global association that develops standards and regulations for the automotive industry.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SAE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Society of Automotive Engineers<\/p>\r\n

    Global association that develops standards and regulations for the automotive industry.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Scalability Class<\/p>\r\n

    AUTOSAR OS is scalable to different use cases by introducing four scalability classes.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n Schuko Plug <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Schuko Plug<\/p>\r\n

    A shockproof plug. The name derives from the German acronym for \"Schutz-Kontakt\". These types of plugs and sockets are very common in Europe.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SCR <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Silicon Controlled Rectifier<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SDM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Slow Data Message<\/p>\r\n

    Message sent via the slow data channel of the SENT bus protocol.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SENT <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Single Edge Nibble Transmission<\/p>\r\n

    Standardized data protocol that regulates communication between sensors and control units in cars.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SENT <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Single Edge Nibble Transmission<\/p>\r\n

    Standardized data protocol that regulates communication between sensors and control units in cars.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SiC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Silicon Carbide<\/p>\r\n

    Abbreviation is also used to directly refer to semiconductor devices made from this material.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SJN <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Shortest Job Next<\/p>\r\n

    SJN is a scheduling policy used in multitasking operating systems, where the task with the shortest execution time is executed next.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SLAC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Signal Level Attenuation Characterization<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SME <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Small and medium enterprises<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SOC <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    State of Charge<\/p>\r\n

    For an electric battery, SOC describes the level of charge relative to its capacity.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SOH <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    State of Health<\/p>\r\n

    For an electric battery, the SOH indicates the current condition of the battery in comparioson to its ideal condition.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SPN <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Substitution-Permutation Network<\/p>\r\n

    SPN describes a certain type of block cipher (which uses substitutions and permutations). It can be found with AES.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SVPWM <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Space Vector PWM<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SW <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Software<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SW-C <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Software Component<\/p>\r\n

    A software component is an element of a component based application and has defined interfaces to communicate with other components. AUTOSAR\u2122 defines software components as architectural elements that provide and\/or require interfaces and are connected to each other through the Virtual Function Bus to fulfill architectural responsibilities.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n SWFRT <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Software Free Running Timer<\/p>\r\n

    The Software Free Running Timer module provides a piece of code\n\naccessing one or more hardware timers.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n T_rel <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Reluctance Torque<\/p>\r\n

    Torque part out of saliency.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n T_syn <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Synchronous Torque<\/p>\r\n

    Torque part out of magnetic flux and current.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n T_tot <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Total Torque<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n TARA <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment<\/p>\r\n

    (TARA) is a method for identifying and assessing cyber vulnerabilities and selecting countermeasures that can mitigate them.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n TISAX <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Trusted Information Security Assessment Exchange<\/p>\r\n

    A standard published by the Association of the Automotive Industry.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n TLS <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Transport Layer Security<\/p>\r\n

    TLS is an encryption protocol for secure data transmission on the Internet.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n ToE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Target of Evaluation<\/p>\r\n

    is used in the IT security policy environment to designate a part of an IT system as an object for IT security evaluation.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n TRNG <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    True Random Number Generator<\/p>\r\n

    is a hardware component that generates a string of random bits, which can be used as a cryptographic key.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n U_ph <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Phase Voltage<\/p>\r\n

    Usually, we are talking about the three-phase voltages v_a, v_b and v_c.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n UNECE <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    United Nations Economic Commission for Europe<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n VFB <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Virtual Functional Bus<\/p>\r\n

    The Virtual Functinal Bus ist the main communication concept of the AUTOSAR Classic Platform.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n VFD <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Variable-Frequency Drive<\/p>\r\n

    Frequency converter.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n WCET <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Worst-Case Execution Time<\/p>\r\n

    The WCET describes the maximum time it can take to execute a task on a specific hardware platform.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n

  • \r\n

    \r\n XOR <\/h3>\r\n
    \r\n

    Exclusive-Or<\/p>\r\n

    Logic operation for two elements.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/li>\r\n <\/ul>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    List of Abbreviations This directory lists and explains abbreviations that appear in Embedded Academy e-learning courses. \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16094","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16094"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16094\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25323,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16094\/revisions\/25323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/embedded-academy.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}